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<title>ComputerLand</title>

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</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">ComputerLand</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Computer Shack (1976–77)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Computer store</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Retail</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1976<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1976</span>)</span> in <a href="Hayward%2C_California" title="Hayward, California">Hayward, California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="William_Millard_(businessman)" title="William Millard (businessman)">William H. Millard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">1999<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1999</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Dissolved</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality">Hayward, California</div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">United States</div></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>ComputerLand</b> was a widespread chain of retail computer stores during the early years of the <a href="Microcomputer_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Microcomputer revolution">microcomputer revolution</a>, and was one of the outlets (along with <a href="Computer_City" title="Computer City">Computer City</a> and <a href="Sears" title="Sears">Sears</a>) chosen to introduce the <a href="IBM_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC">IBM PC</a> in 1981. The first ComputerLand opened in 1976, and the chain eventually included about 800 stores by 1985. After this time the rapid <a href="Commoditization" title="Commoditization">commoditization</a> of the PC led to the company's downfall, with most of the retail locations closing by 1990. The company officially ended in February 1999.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>ComputerLand was founded by <a href="William_Millard_(businessman)" title="William Millard (businessman)">William H. Millard</a>. In 1974 he launched a company, <a href="IMS_Associates%2C_Inc." title="IMS Associates, Inc.">IMS Associates, Inc.</a>, to build what was claimed to be the first truly integrated personal computers, sold as kits to hobbyists and the rapidly growing numbers of retailers (through small ads in <i><a href="Popular_Electronics" title="Popular Electronics">Popular Electronics</a></i>). The computer, the <a href="IMSAI_8080" title="IMSAI 8080">IMSAI 8080</a>, may not have made Millard's fortune, but his resulting experiences with the inexperienced and under‑capitalized retailers did. In 1976 (at the same time as the <a href="Byte_Shop" title="Byte Shop">Byte Shop</a> was selling its first few <a href="Apple_II" title="Apple II">Apple II</a> computers) he asked his Sales Director, Ed Faber (an ex‑IBM Manager), to start a new franchise operation, soon to become ComputerLand.

</p><p>Faber first designed a pilot store, at <a href="Hayward%2C_California" title="Hayward, California">Hayward, California</a>, with the then-revolutionary concept of providing a "full service" store, offering under one roof all that the customer needed to support their PCs.<sup id="cite_ref-Daily_Review_Dec_20_1976_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daily_Review_Dec_20_1976-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Daily_Review_Dec_21_1976_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daily_Review_Dec_21_1976-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original name, Computer Shack, changed after opposition from <a href="Radio_Shack" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio Shack">Radio Shack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The renamed ComputerLand began franchising. The first franchisee was in Morristown, New Jersey, and was rapidly followed by a chain across the US.

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<p>Each store paid a 8% <a href="Franchise_fee" title="Franchise fee">franchise fee</a> and purchased 85-90% of its products from ComputerLand, which sold products at cost to the stores. The company kept small inventories of products, focusing on sales and marketing as opposed to product selection or training.<sup id="cite_ref-rosen19830222_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rosen19830222-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It set a pattern that dominated PC retailing for the next decade. By the time <a href="IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> arrived on the scene, the network of branches, all run by franchisees, had grown to 190 in number. By the end of 1985, when Millard retired, there were some 800 branches (including some 200 outside the US) and he had become one of the computer billionaires.

</p><p>Most ComputerLand stores succumbed to the predation of the "box-shifters" in the price wars of the latter 1980s, after the peak had passed.<sup id="cite_ref-InfoWorld_Aug_13,_1990_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InfoWorld_Aug_13,_1990-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, Millard sold ComputerLand to <a href="Warburg_Pincus" title="Warburg Pincus">E.M. Warburg, Pincus & Co.</a> for <a href="United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US</a>$200 million.<sup id="cite_ref-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-InfoWorld_Oct_7,_1985_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InfoWorld_Oct_7,_1985-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-InfoWorld_Jun_15,_1987_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InfoWorld_Jun_15,_1987-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 1993, Merisel, a competitor company, announced it would purchase the ComputerLand name and all franchise holdings and its Datago aggregation division for $110 million.<sup id="cite_ref-SeattleTimes_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SeattleTimes-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NewYorkTimes_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkTimes-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new Merisel ComputerLand unit was operated by the then-president of Computerland's franchise and distribution business, Martin Wolf.<sup id="cite_ref-LATimes_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, "Vanstar" was selected as the name for the ComputerLand corporate company-owned stores stemming from the Nynex acquisition. (<a href="Pleasanton%2C_California" title="Pleasanton, California">Pleasanton, California</a>) after the sale of split-off franchisor to Merisel.<sup id="cite_ref-NewYorkTimes2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkTimes2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Network_World_Mar_28,_1994_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Network_World_Mar_28,_1994-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 1997 Synnex Information Technologies, a national distributor of microcomputers and communication, networking, peripheral and storage products, purchased substantially all the assets of Merisel FAB Inc., including the ComputerLand franchise. Synnex created ComputerLand Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Synnex, consisting of the ComputerLand and Datago businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_News_Release_March_31,_1997_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_News_Release_March_31,_1997-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On October 9, 1998, Inacom purchased Vanstar for a reported $465 – $480 million. The resulting company employed nearly 12,000 and was estimated to generate $7 billion in revenue.

The acquisition of Vanstar reportedly added a large amount of debt, and it has been said that Inacom overpaid for a company of that size. Vanstar had 43.26 million shares outstanding at the time the deal was struck, and shareholders of Vanstar received .64 shares of ICO for each VST share in a stock swap deal, thus the issuance of 27.7 M shares of stock effectively more than doubled the number of outstanding shares while also being dilutive to the existing shares. This, plus debt concerns, led to a decline in the price of Inacom's stock.

</p><p><a href="Inacom" title="Inacom">Inacom</a> Corporation ceased operations completely in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-CNY_Business_Journal_June_30,_2000_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNY_Business_Journal_June_30,_2000-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

Although the corporate ComputerLand ceased operations [VanStar], many former franchises continue to operate today as independently owned computer businesses under the ComputerLand name.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation news cs1">"The Total Experience Computer Store, Computer Shack". <i>Daily Review</i>. Hayward, California. December 20, 1976. p. 10.</cite> Advertisement for Preview Opening of a Computer Shack store at 22634 Foothill Blvd, Hayward, CA,</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Daily_Review_Dec_21_1976-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Daily_Review_Dec_21_1976_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Computer Shack opens first store in Hayward". <i>Daily Review</i>. Hayward, California. December 21, 1976. p. 6.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-InfoWorld_Apr_1,_1985_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBannister1985" class="citation magazine cs1">Bannister, Hank (April 1, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0C4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA19">"Old Loan Costs Mogul Millions"</a>. <i>InfoWorld</i>. Vol. 7, no. 13. p. 19. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0199-6649">0199-6649</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-rosen19830222-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rosen19830222_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.oreillystatic.com/radar/r1/02-83.pdf">"Appendix I; Some stories behind the statistics"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="The_Rosen_Electronics_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rosen Electronics Letter">The Rosen Electronics Letter</a></i>. 1983-02-22. pp. <span class="nowrap">11–</span>21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-06-05</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-InfoWorld_Aug_13,_1990-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-InfoWorld_Aug_13,_1990_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDryden1990" class="citation magazine cs1">Dryden, Patrick (August 13, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OjwEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24">"Computerland Adds Services, Encourage More LAN Focus"</a>. <i>InfoWorld</i>. Vol. 12, no. 33. p. 34. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0199-6649">0199-6649</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-InfoWorld_Oct_7,_1985-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-InfoWorld_Oct_7,_1985_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBurke1985" class="citation magazine cs1">Burke, Steven (October 7, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jC8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA12">"Millards Resigns as Faber Takes Over Computerland"</a>. <i>InfoWorld</i>. Vol. 7, no. 40. p. 12. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0199-6649">0199-6649</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-InfoWorld_Jun_15,_1987-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-InfoWorld_Jun_15,_1987_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFParker1987" class="citation magazine cs1">Parker, Rachel (June 15, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xTAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA31">"Computerland's New Owners Maintain Firm's Market Focus"</a>. <i>InfoWorld</i>. Vol. 9, no. 24. p. 31. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0199-6649">0199-6649</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-SeattleTimes-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SeattleTimes_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19930925/1722797/computerland-merisel-reach-franchise-pact">"Computerland Merisel Reach Franchise Pact"</a>. <i>Seattle Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-NewYorkTimes-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkTimes_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/25/business/company-news-merisel-to-purchase-a-computerland-division.html">"COMPANY NEWS; MERISEL TO PURCHASE A COMPUTERLAND DIVISION"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-LATimes-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LATimes_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHarmon" class="citation news cs1">Harmon, Amy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-09-25-fi-38908-story.html">"PC Wholesaler Merisel to Acquire Computerland Distribution Outlets : Competition: The deal could raise fears among other retailers that the company will favor its franchisees over them"</a>. <i>LA Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-NewYorkTimes2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkTimes2_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFisher" class="citation news cs1">Fisher, Lawrence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/22/business/company-news-computerland-now-vanstar-shifts-focus.html">"COMPANY NEWS; Computerland, Now Vanstar, Shifts Focus"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Network_World_Mar_28,_1994-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Network_World_Mar_28,_1994_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBurns1994" class="citation journal cs1">Burns, Christine (March 28, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aBAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA24">"ComputerLand drops name and retail stores become service giant"</a>. <i>Network World</i>. <b>11</b> (13): 24. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0887-7661">0887-7661</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Bloomberg_News_Release_March_31,_1997-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg_News_Release_March_31,_1997_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNews1997" class="citation journal cs1">News, Bloomberg (March 31, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/article/1997-03-31/a1VGKXM6K0vs.html">"SYNNEX ACQUIRES COMPUTERLAND AND DATAGO FROM MERISEL"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last=</code> has generic name (help)</span></span>

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<li id="cite_note-CNY_Business_Journal_June_30,_2000-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNY_Business_Journal_June_30,_2000_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDickinson2000" class="citation journal cs1">Dickinson, Casey (June 30, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3718/is_200006/ai_n8915798/">"InaCom Corp. Files Chapter 11"</a>. <i>CNY Business Journal</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>David Mercer, "IBM: How the World's Most Successful Corporation is Managed", Kogan Page 1987 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061003095223/http://futureobservatory.dyndns.org/2013.htm">[1]</a></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFLittman1987" class="citation book cs1">Littman, Jonathan (1987). <i>Once Upon a Time in ComputerLand: The Amazing, Billion-Dollar Tale of Bill Millard</i>. Los Angeles: Price Stern Sloan. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-89586-502-5</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.old-computers.com/history/detail.asp?n=25">https://www.old-computers.com/history/detail.asp?n=25</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerland.fr">ComputerLand in France near Paris</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerland.be">COMPUTERLAND Belgium</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagocomputerland.com">Chicago ComputerLand</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cland.com">ComputerLand of Silicon Valley</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerlandwoodbridge.com">ComputerLand of Woodbridge</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerlandottumwa.com">ComputerLand Ottumwa</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerlandsavannah.com">ComputerLand Savannah</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etccomputerland.com">ETC ComputerLand</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerlandberkeley.com">ComputerLand of Berkeley</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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